James D. Watson
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Who Was James D. Watson?
James D. Watson is credited with the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA along with Francis Crick. Watson received a Nobel Prize and went on to do work in cancer research and mapping the human genome. He later came under fire for several controversial remarks on subjects ranging from obesity to race-based intelligence.
Early Years
James Dewey Watson was born in Chicago, Illinois, on April 6, , and spent his childhood there, attending Horace Mann Grammar School and South Shore High School before earning a scholarship to the University of Chicago and enrolling at age In , he received a Bachelor of Science degree in zoology and then went on to attend Indiana University in Bloomington, where he received his Ph.D. in zoology in During his graduate studies, Watson was influenced by the work of geneticists H. J. Muller and T. M. Sonneborn and microbiologist S. E. Luria. His Ph.D. thesis was a study of the effect of hard X-rays on bacteriophage multiplication, and he became interested in the work of scientists working at the University of Cambridge with photographic patterns made by X-rays.
Postgraduate Work
In , Watson b
James D. Watson, Ph.D.
You&#;ve gotten into controversy with the Japanese over the Genome Project.
James Watson: They have the money to do it, and everyone will benefit when it&#;s done, so why not help get the job done, in sort of a selfless fashion? They find it very hard to change course. They&#;re actually getting into it, but I make a great distinction between individual Japanese scientists — I have great respect for them — and cultural traditions. Some cultural traditions in our country are terrible, and some in Japan are terrible. I don&#;t know why we have to be polite about the Japanese, they&#;re not very polite about us. They go around bowing and giving presents, but that&#;s just their culture, that doesn&#;t mean they like us.
What finally brought it to the point where you said you wouldn&#;t share the results with them, unless they contributed more?
James Watson: I think that&#;s reality. We have two very different cultures. We&#;re all products of the Judeo-Christian thing, where we help the underdog. You go to the Far East, they don&#;t know that concept at all in China. They don&#;t know what charity is. You help your family, that&#;s it. You know, we wa
Francis Crick
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Who Was Francis Crick?
Biophysicist Francis Crick helped develop radar and magnetic mines during World War II. After the war, he began researching the structure of DNA for the University of Cambridge Medical Research Council at its Cavendish Laboratory with James D. Watson. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in for his work and continued conducting research until his death in
Early Years
Francis Harry Compton Crick was born on June 8, , in Northampton, England, and was educated at Northampton Grammar School and Mill Hill School in London. He attended University College London, where he studied physics, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in He soon began conducting research toward a Ph.D., but, in , his path was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. During the war, he was involved in military research, working on the development of magnetic and acoustic mines. After the war, Dr. R.V. Jones, the head of Britain's wartime scientific intelligence wanted Crick to continue his work, but Crick decided to continue his studies, this time in biology, of which he knew very little at this point.
Supported chiefly by a scholarshi
Watson and Crick ( )
James Watson and Francis Crick, ©Crick and Watson, together with Maurice Wilkins, won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discovery of the structure of DNA. This was one of the most significant scientific discoveries of the 20th century.
Francis Harry Compton Crick was born on 8 June near Northampton. He studied physics at University College, London, and during World War Two worked for the Admiralty on the development of mines. He changed from physics to biology and in began to work at Cambridge University. By , he was working at the Medical Research Council unit at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. In , an American student, James Watson, arrived at the unit and the two began to work together.
James Dewey Watson was born on 6 April in Chicago and studied at the universities of Chicago, Indiana and Copenhagen. He then moved to Cambridge University. Watson and Crick worked together on studying the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the molecule that contains the hereditary information for cells.
At that time Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin, both working at King's College, London, were using X-ray diffraction to study DNA. Cric
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