English [en], .pdf, 🧬/nexusstc, MB, 📄 Journal article, nexusstc/Nestorius and Nestorianism/55cbdd60bd28ac4cpdf
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## Abstract
This paper has three parts. The first outlines the history of Nestorianism. From the end of the fifth century all the way into the thirteenth century (c.e.), quite a large population—in fact most Christians in Asia—belonged to branches of the Nestorian church. The second part provides a brief biography of Nestorius, after whom this church was named. The third part explores two elements of Nestorius’s christology, as they are found in his posthumously discovered theological writings. (1) Does Christ have one nature or two (both human and divine), and if two, how can one person have two natures? (2) To what extent was Adam, the first man, created for a role that Christ eventually fulfilled?
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What defines Nestorianism in Christian theology?
Historical Context and Emergence
Nestorianism is named after Nestorius (d. ca. ), who served as Patriarch of Constantinople in the early 5th century. During his tenure, theological discussions regarding the nature of Christ intensified, particularly regarding the title &#;Theotokos&#; (&#;God-bearer&#;) for Mary.
According to various historical records&#;especially those that reference the debates prior to the Council of Ephesus ( AD)&#;Nestorius sought to safeguard the distinct divine and human natures within Christ. While he insisted he was not teaching two separate &#;persons,&#; his statements caused controversy. Many interpreted him as suggesting that Christ was comprised of two loosely jointed personal realities rather than one unified Person with two natures.
Core Doctrinal Claims of Nestorianism
The hallmark of Nestorian theology, as understood through the lenses of historical Church councils and primary writings attributed to Nestorius, is its insistence that Christ&#;s divine nature and human nature are so distinct as to be considered two separate entities. In practice, Nestorianism appeared to imply that there
Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Nestorian Church
Nestorian Church. This is the name given in modern times to those whom 5th-cent. writers called simply "Easterns"; by which they meant the church that existed to the east of them, outside the boundary of the Roman empire, in the kingdom that was at first Parthian, and later Sassanid Persian. The body is also called "east Syrian" (the term Syrian implying use of the Syriac language rather than residence in "Syria"), and sometimes also "Chaldean" or "Assyrian."
Foundation of the Church.—During the course of the 1st cent. Christianity spread from Antioch, not only to the west but also eastwards, and in particular it extended to Edessa, then the capital of the little "buffer state" of Osrhoene, situated between the Roman and Parthian empires. The political independence of the state ended in , but it had lasted long enough to give a definite character to the local church, which was marked off by its Syriac vernacular and Oriental ways of thought from the Greek Christianity to the west of it. Missionaries went out from Edessa to the east again, and founded two daughter-churches,
Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Nestorius and Nestorianism
Nestorius (3) and Nestorianism. One of the most far-reaching controversies in the history of the church is connected with the name of Nestorius, who became patriarch of Constantinople in A.D. , in succession to Sisinnius. So protracted has it been that even to the present day Nestorian churches, as they are called, exist in Assyria and India, and their members are not in communion with those of the other Christian churches in the East. The history of the form of thought which produced such far-reaching results must be interesting to every student of theology. Nestorius himself was brought up in the cloister, and had, as Neander remarks, imbibed the tendencies to narrowness, partisanship, impatience, and ignorance of mankind which are not unfrequently found among those who have been educated apart from their fellows. He was brought from Antioch, we are told—a fact of which the significance will presently be seen. He appears to have been eloquent and sincere, and his austerity of life had won for him the admiration of man. Socrates, a specially well-informed contempo
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