- Born: Archibald Stansfeld Belaney, Sept, , in Hastings, Sussex, the first child of George Furmage Belaney, (a spendthrift, alcoholic and ne'er-do-well), and Kittie Scott-Brown, the sister of one of George's wives. "Archie" may have seen his father only once or twice. George died around after moving to North America. From the age of 2, Archie was raised in Hastings by two aunts, Ada and Carry Belaney. His mother Kittie occasionally visited the household with Archie's brother, Hugh, who was permanently institutionalized after the war.
- Education: Extensive home education by his stern, disciplinarian Aunt Ada; small Anglican school from age 8 to 11; middle-class Hastings Grammar School, from 11 to Archie earned a school prize for French and topped his class in English. Left school to work as a clerk in a lumber yard.
- Childhood: Emotionally damaged by his father's rejection and stifled by the rigid upbringing by his aunts, Archie collected unusual animals and played "Red Indian" with his few friends, one of whom accompanied him on frequent adventures into the countryside. He was mischievous and bucked authority at school, leaving him at odds with his schoo
BELANEY, Archibald Stansfeld, known as Grey Owl and Wa-sha-quon-asin, forest ranger, guide, trapper, environmentalist, conservation officer, writer, and lecturer; b. 18 Sept. in Hastings, England, elder son of George Furmage Belaney and Kathleen Verena (Kittie) Cox; m. first 23 Aug. Angele Egwuna on Bear Island in Lake Temagami, Ont., and they had at least two children; m. secondly 10 Feb. Florence Ivy Mary Holmes in Hollington, near Hastings; they divorced on 9 Aug. ; m. thirdly early June Gertrude Philomen Bernard, known as Anahareo, in an aboriginal ceremony at Lac Simon, Que., and they had a daughter; the couple separated in ; m. fourthly 5 Dec. Yvonne Perrier in Montreal; he also had a son with Marie Girard (Gerrard, Jero); d. 13 April in Prince Albert, Sask.
Archie Belaney was raised by two aunts, Janet Adelaide (Ada) and Julia Caroline (Carrie) Belaney, in the town of Hastings on the English Channel. His paternal grandfather and namesake, Archibald, was a Scottish-born merchant and shipbroker, and Archibald’s wife, Juliana Mary Henrietta (Julia) Jackson, was a descendant on her mother’s side of the S
Grey Owl was a conservationist and cultural appropriator. After his death in it was revealed that celebrated Canadian conservationist was not who he had claimed to be. He was Archie Belaney (), born and brought up in Hastings.
As Grey Owl he was one of the earliest conservation campaigners. His work was important in raising awareness and changing attitudes towards humans’ relationship with nature. He used his adopted persona to grab the attention of audiences in Canada, America and Europe. However his appropriation of a First Nations identity remains problematic to this day.
Early life in Hastings
Archie was brought up by his grandmother and Aunts Carry and Ada after his parents emigrated to the United States when he was very young. His home was on St James‘s Road, Hastings. He attended Hastings Grammar School and later got a job as a clerk with a timber company located behind St Helen&#;s Wood.
Changing identity
After moving to Canada in , Archie began working as a fur trapper to earn a living. He became close to the Ojibwe people of Lake Temagami in Northern Ontario. Through them he learned more about trapping and fishing.
By the time he enlisted with the Ca
We [Canadians] &#; are very lucky, in that we have all kinds of places to go within our own boundaries.
&#; Grey Owl
Grey Owl (b. &#; d. ) was one of the first and most powerful spokespersons for the preservation of a pristine wilderness and a strong Native identity in Canada. At the time Grey Owl was writing, in the s and &#;30s, it was generally assumed by whites that the Canadian wilderness and the Canadian Indian were doomed to disappear. This was imagined to be an inevitable consequence of progress. Grey Owl believed that for Canada to remain a unique country, both the wilderness and the Indian must continue to play a real (and not just mythological) role within it: "I want to arouse in the Canadian people a sense of responsibility they have for the north country and its inhabitants, humans and animal" (Grey Owl ). Grey Owl therefore tried to convince white Canadians to support his conservationist plan by arguing that the continued presence of an untamed North within Canada was vital to national identity and well-being because it held out to Canadians the possibility of another place to go, another way to be.
White Indian
The dual identity of civilized/sav
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